Strings
In V one can define strings using the
:= operator. Strings (like other variables) are immutable by default. One is free to use "" or '' to denote a string. When using vfmt all double-quoted strings will be converted to single-quoted ones unless it contains a single quote character.name := 'Bob'
println(name) // Bob
println(name.len) // 3
Getting the length of a string works with
.len.It is possible to do string interpolation with
$ in front of the variable:name := 'Bob'
println('Hello $name!') // Hello Bob!
One can have more complex expressions with interpolation syntax by using
${}:struct User {
name string
age int
}
bob := User {
name: 'Bob'
age: 17
}
println('Say Hello to a new User: ${bob.name}, ${bob.age}') // Say Hello to new User: Bob, 17
println('${bob.name}s age is higher or equal to 18: ${bob.age >= 18}') // 0 <=> number representation for false
Strings can be concatenated with the
+ operator.text := 'Hello'
concatenated_text := text + ' World!'
println(text) // Hello
println(text + ' World!') // Hello World!
println(concatenated_text) // Hello World!
Appending to a string works with concatenation as well as with
+= operator. Since strings are immutable by default it is only possible to do this if they are declared with mut.mut hello := 'Hello '
hello += 'from V!' // appends 'from V!' to the string stored in hello.
println(hello) // Hello from V!
In V, string data is encoded using UTF-8 and the string itself is a read-only array of bytes. This makes slicing possible, which means we can access single-character literals or slices of a string variable.
robert := 'Robert'
bert := robert[2..robert.len] // bert
rob := robert[0..3] // Rob
println('The persons of interest are: $robert, $bert, $rob') // The persons of interest are: Robert, bert, Rob
When using
some_string[start..end] syntax the end is not inclusive.All operators in V must have values of the same type on both sides. The code below will not compile because
age is an int:age := 25
println('age = ' + age)
We therefore need to convert it to string by using
.str() or use string interpolation (preferred):age := 25
println('age = ' + age.str()) // age = 25
println('age = $age') // age = 25
To define character literals use:
`` . Raw strings can be defined as prepending r. They are not escaped.hello := 'Hello\nWorld'
println(hello) // Hello
// World
raw_hello := r'Hello\nWorld'
println(raw_hello) // Hello\nWorld
Last modified 2yr ago